Filter and filtering system.



No. 7l3,759. Patented Nov. l8, I902. R.'J. GUADE.

FILTER AND FILTEBING SYSTEM.

(Application filed Mar. 5, 1902.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet I.

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No. 78,759. Patented Nov. I8, I902.

Rg-l. GOADE.

FILTER AND FILTERING SYSTEM.

(Application filed. Mar. 5, 1902.)

(No Model.) a Sheets-Shoot 2.

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No. 713,759. Patented Nov. '8, I902.

R. J. GOAIJE.

FILTER AND FILTERING SYSTEM.

(Application filed Mar. 5, 1002.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets$heet 3.

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RICHARD J. GOADE, OF ALLENTOIVN, PENNSYLVANIA.

FILTER AND FILTERING SYSTEM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters/Patent No. 713,? 59, datedNovember 18, 1902. Application filed March 5, 1902. Serial No. 96,819.(No model.)

To all when 1, it ritay concern.-

Be it known that I, RICHARD J. GOADE, a citizenof the United States,residing at Allentown, in the county of Lehigh and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and use-- ful Filter and FilteringSystem, of which the following is a specification.

Myinvention relates to the construction of apparatus in which a liquidis caused to percolate through an inclosed mass of solid mat ter in adivided or granular state; and it relates more particularly to filtersin which the cleansing or purifying medium is composed of granularmaterial--that is to say, granular bed-filters. In this class of filtersthe liquid to be purified is caused by pressure to pass through the massof granular material, which latter detains the impurities, theseaccumulating until it becomes desirable or necessary to remove them. Itis upon the thoroughness of this elimination from the filtering materialof its collected impurities that the efficiency and sanitary value ofthe apparatusdepend, and the improvement of means for effecting thiselimination in devices of the character referred to is therefore theprincipal object of my invention.

A further object is to provide simple and efficient means to cause theagitation and circulation of an inclosed mass of granular materialduring the percolation of a liquid therethrough.

Other objects will more fully appear as I proceed with the descriptionof my improvements.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which likereference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the severalfigures, and in which- Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view of afilter, the pipe connections and valves being shown in elevation. Fig. 2is a plan view in section of the same, taken on the line II II ofFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view in side elevation of the upper portion of thefilter shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail showing amodification of means for giving a reciprocatory motion to the agitatorshaft. Fig. 5 shows another modification of the means for accomplishingthe same result, together with the rotary driving-gear. Fig. 6 is adetached view of a modification of the filter-bed defor clearness.

In explaining my invention I have shown and shall describe the same asapplied to filters designed to cleanse and purify water as it enters abuilding from the supply-mains, the water then circulating through thepipes of the house or building.

Referring to the drawings, A is a shell constituting a filtering-chambercontaining granular material B, such as sand. The granular material issupported by grate O and bronze wire-cloth c in the lower portion of thechamber, these being secured to or resting upon the shell in anysuitable manner. A second piece of wire-cloth c is secured in the upperpart of the chamber to prevent the escape of granular material. A shaftD is mounted within the shell in bearings d d, carried by grates orspiders (Z suitably secured to the shell. Upon shaft D is mounted theagitator for the filter-bed, consisting in this instance of spiralblades d mounted in sets upon supports (1 secured to the shaft. Thedirection of the turns of these spiral blades is such that when theshaft is revolved-in the proper direction and the flow of liquid throughthe filter reversed an upward motion will be given to the centralportion of the filter-bed as well as a rotary movement; In order toaccentuate this action, I also provide means for giving to theshaft, andconsequently the agitator, a reciprocatory motion, and this Iaccomplish, preferably, by means of a cam. As shown in Fig. 1, theshaft-bearing d is formed with an upper cam-surface (1 which is engagedby pin 61 upon the shaft. This camsurface may be so formed that agradual upward movement of the shaft during rotation will be causeduntil its extreme upper position is reached, when it will be permittedto return under the action of spring (1", bearing upon collar d upon theshaft, to its extreme lower position. Instead of this cam and pinconstruction I may form the bearing-block cl with a sloping bottom andcut the end of the shaft D to correspond, as shown in Fig. 4, a suitablepacking (1 being employed to keep the grit of the bed from thebearing-surfaces, or a cam may be formed upon the top or dome of thefilter-shell, as shown in Fig. 5, the shell being made extra heavy tostand the strain.

Shaft D is driven by any suitable mechanism, such as the crank, chain,and sprocket (shown in Fig. 3) acting through bevel-gears d and shaft dThe bevel-gears d are held in engagement during the reciprocation of theshaft D by spring d, bearing upon shaft d the other bearing of thislatter shaft being formed elliptical or otherwise to allow a slightrocking motion. A stop 01 is provided upon the upper part of the frameto limit the upward movement of shaft D.

Instead of the method just described of arranging for the constantengagement of the bevel-gears d I may, as shown in Fig. 5, connect adetached section 01 of shaft D, carry-' ing one of the gears to saidshaftD by means of a sleeve or collar d, which is slidably keyed toeither said shaft or section and rigidly secured to the other. In thiscase shaft d and section (1 are mounted in ordinary bearings. Othermeans to accomplish the same objects may be devised; but havingdescribed two further illustration is deemed unnecessary.

In order to turn the filter-bed outwardly toward the shell sides as itis brought up the center by the agitator, I provide a deflector E,secured in the upper part of the filteringchamber below the wire-clothc. This consists, preferably, of a metallic cone-shaped piece havingperforations e, the apex of the cone pointing downwardly. The opening atthe apex of the cone through which the shaft D passes is made slightlylarger than said shaft in order that any particles of the granular bedwhich are carried through the perforations may return to thefiltering-chamber. A rubber or leather collar is placed around the shaftwithin the cone to protect the bearing d from the granular material.

The deflector E may in some cases be constructed as shown in Fig. 6,where it will be seen that ridges or flanges e are provided, circlingspirally from the apex of the cone upward toward its base. As thecentral portion of the filter-bed is given an upward movement by theagitator, it also has a revolving or circular motion, and when it comesin contact withthe deflector the flanges e are presented in the path ofmovement at such an angle as to aid the inclined surface of the cone inturning the bed toward the sides of the shell. In this figure also thepitch of the cone is increased near the apex, as at 6.

Suitable hand-holes are provided, as shown, through which the filter-bedmay be removed or introduced. Pipe connections also are provided, asshown, which have suitable valves to control the entrance of liquid toand exit from the filtering-chamber.

The operation of the filter is as follows: In normal workingthat is,when water is being filtered-valves 1, 4, and 3 are open and valves 2,5, and 6 are closed. Water then enters from the mains through pipe 7 andcirculates downwardly through the filter bed and through pipes 8 and 9to the house-pipes. In order to clean the filter, valves 1 and 3 areclosed and valves 2 and 5 opened, 4 being open and 6 closed, as before.Water entering pipe 7 now passes downwardly through pipe 1.0 and pipe 8,up through the filter-bed and out through pipe 11 to waste-pipe 13. Atthe same time the crank of the operating mechanism is turned to put theagitator, conveyer, or scrubbers in motion, thus causing the bed tocirculate within the shell, as shown by the arrows, so that every partand practically all of the granular material is exposed to the washingaction of the water and all of the collected impurities are carried offand discharged through pipe 13. When this op eration has continued asufficient length of time, valves 2, 4, and 5 are closed and 6 isopened, when the water will pass downwardly through the filter and carryoff the unfiltered water which remains in the bed and pipes, when 6 isclosed and 4 and 3 again opened. Filtered water is then being suppliedto the house-pipes, as before.

Sometimes one filter is insufficient to do the work required of it,either because it is impracticable to make one large enough or becausethe required output of filtered water varies, and one filter alone wouldat times be too small, or for other reasons, such as the increase of afiltering-plant already installed. To meet these conditions, I havedevised the system of double filters illustrated in Fig. 8, which alsohas many advantages besides filling the above requirements. Referring tothe figure it will be seen that the inlet-pipe 7 enters a pipeconnecting the tops of the filters X and Y, this last-named pipecommunicating through pipe 22 with the pipe connecting the lowerportions of the two filters. 13 13 are discharge-pipes for the waste incleaning, and 9 is the outlet-pipe for filtered water, connecting withthe house-pipes. Valves are placed, as shown. By this arrangement eachfilter may be used separately to supply filtered water or both may beused at once 3 also, each filter may be cleaned with filtered water fromthe other.

Suppose it is desired to clean X with filtered water from Y. The valvesall being closed and water entering under pressure through pipe 7,valves 15, 18, 17, and 20 are opened, when the circulation will be downthrough filter Y and up through filter X, the agitators (not shown inthe diagram) being operated. Similarly Y may be cleaned with thefiltered water of X by closing valves 15 and 20 and opening 14 and 21.

To clean both filters simultaneously with unfiltered water, valves 14and 15 are closed and valves 16, 20, and 21 are opened, (17 and 18 beingopen, as before.) As the manner of supplying filtered water to theoutlet-pipe 9 from either one or both of the filters is perfectlyobvious from the foregoing description of the single filters and fromthe drawings, further description is deemed unnecessary.

Although I have illustrated and described my invention as applied towater-filters, I do not wish to limit myself or the scope of theinvention to the particular apparatus shown, as it is capable of manyother applications and many variations in form, and the details of theparts may be introduced without departing from the spirit of theinvention; also, it it not necessary that the various features of myimprovements be embodied in one machine, as they maybe well adapted andindividually applicable to filters already produced or hereinafter to bedevised. Further, I may in some cases prefer to vary the form of certainof the parts of my apparatus or substitute thereforan old or well-knownform. For instance, instead of my improved form of agitator I may useblades secured to the shaft and projecting radially, as shown in thepatent to Davis, No. 572,196. The form of the cam which I employ to giveto the shaft a reciprocatory motion also may be varied, as by giving ita uniformly-sloping upper surface or varying the ratio of the rising andfalling surfaces in any suitable manner. Many other changes andvariations will be obvious to those skilled in the art and need not bedescribed.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. In a filter, the combination with a filtering-chamber provided withan inlet and an outlet opening and designed to contain a body ofgranular filtering material, of an agitator mounted within said chamberfor constant engagement with said filtering material, and means forimparting to said agitator a com bined rotary and reciprocatory motion,substantially asdescribed.

2. In a filter, the combination with a filtering-chamber provided withan inlet and an outlet opening and designed to contain a body ofgranular filtering material, of an agitator mounted within said chamber,and means for imparting to said agitator a combined rotary andreciprocatory motion to move the central portion of said filteringmaterial longitudinally in said chamber, substantially as described.

3. In a filter, the combination with a filtering-chamber, of a granularbed within said chamber, an agitator movably mounted within said chamberin constant contact with said bed, and means for imparting to saidagitator a combined rotary and reciprocatory motion, substantially asdescribed.

at. In a filter, the combination with a filtering-chamber, of a granularbed within said chamber, an agitator movably mounted within said chamberconstructed to move the central portion of said bed longitudinally insaid chamber, and means for imparting to said agitatora combined rotaryand reciprocatory motion, substantially as described.

5. In a filter, the combination with a closed filtering-chamber and agranular bed within said chamber, of a shaft suitably journaled andextending within said chamber, an agitator carried by said shaft incontact with said granular bed and constructed to move the centralportion of said bed longitudinally in said chamber, and means forimparting to said shaft and agitator a combined rotary and reciprocatorymotion, substantially as described.

6. In a filter, the combination with a filtering-chamber, of a granularbed within said chamber, an agitator movably mounted within said chamberin contact with said bed, and a cam connection between said agitator anda stationary part of the apparatus, whereby when said agitator isrotated it will also be given a reciprocatory motion, substantially asdescribed.

7. In a filter, the combination with a filtering-chamber, of a granularbed within said chamber, an agitator mounted within said chamber incontact with said bed, means for imparting to said agitator a combinedrotary and reciprocatory motion, to give the central portion of said bedan upward movement, and a deflector mounted in the upper part of saidchamber in the path of movement of said bed, substantially as described.

8. In a filter, the combination with a filtering-chamber, of a granularbed within said chamber, means for imparting to the central portion ofsaid bed an upward and rotary movement, and a deflector comprising aninverted-cone-shaped member having a spiral ridge or flange thereon andmounted in the upper part of said chamber in the path of movement ofsaid'bed, substantially as described. I

9. In a filter, the combination With a filtering-chamber, of a granularbed within said chamber, means for imparting to the central portion ofsaid bed an upward and rotary movement, and a deflector suitably shapedand having a spiral ridge or flange thereon and mounted in the upperpart of said chamher in the path of movement of said bed, substantiallyas described.

10. In a filter, the combination with a filtering-chamber, of a granularbed within said chamber, means for imparting to the central portion ofsaid bed an upward movement,and a deflector for said bed comprising aninvertedcone-shaped member mounted in the upper part of said chamber,said deflector being provided with perforations to permit the downwardflow of liquid to be filtered and the upward flow of liquid carryingimpurities, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses. I

RICHARD J. GOADE.

Witnesses:

WALTER J. SAEGER, C. B. TUNOK.

IIO

